Partition pandas .diff() in multi-index level -


my question relates calling .diff() within partition of multi index level

in following sample output of first

df.diff() 

               values greek english         alpha           nan       b             2       c             2       d             2 beta  e            11       f             1       g             1       h             1

but want be:

               values greek english         alpha           nan       b             2       c             2       d             2 beta  e            nan       f             1       g             1       h             1

here solution, using loop thinking can avoid loop!

import pandas pd import numpy np  df = pd.dataframe({'values' : [1.,3.,5.,7.,18.,19.,20.,21.],    'greek' : ['alpha', 'alpha', 'alpha', 'alpha','beta','beta','beta','beta'],    'english' : ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd','e','f','g','h']})  df.set_index(['greek','english'],inplace =true) print df  # (1.) not type of .diff() want. # need respect level='greek' , restart    print df.diff()   # 1 way achieve desired result have think # there way not involve need loop. idx = pd.indexslice greek_letter in df.index.get_level_values('greek').unique():     df.loc[idx[greek_letter,:]]['values'] = df.loc[idx[greek_letter,:]].diff()  print df

just groupby level=0 or 'greek' if prefer , can call diff on values:

in [179]:  df.groupby(level=0)['values'].diff() out[179]: greek  english alpha          nan        b           2        c           2        d           2 beta   e         nan        f           1        g           1        h           1 dtype: float64

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